What is Grammar?

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Grammar

And why grammar is your friend…grammar (noun): the structure and system of a language, or of languages in general, usually considered to consist of syntax and morphology

Grammar is the system of a language. People sometimes describe grammar as the “rules” of a language; but in fact no language has rules*. If we use the word “rules”, we suggest that somebody created the rules first and then spoke the language, like a new game. But languages did not start like that. Languages started by people making sounds which evolved into words, phrases and sentences. No commonly-spoken language is fixed. All languages change over time. What we call “grammar” is simply a reflection of a language at a particular time.

Do we need to study grammar to learn a language? The short answer is “no”. Very many people in the world speak their own, native language without having studied its grammar. Children start to speak before they even know the word “grammar”. But if you are serious about learning a foreign language, the long answer is “yes, grammar can help you to learn a language more quickly and more efficiently.” It’s important to think of grammar as something that can help you, like a friend. When you understand the grammar (or system) of a language, you can understand many things yourself, without having to ask a teacher or look in a book.

So think of grammar as something good, something positive, something that you can use to find your way – like a signpost or a map.

*Except invented languages like Esperanto. And if Esperanto were widely spoken, its rules would soon be very different.

source:

https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/what.htm

What is Vocabulary?

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The noun vocabulary (or vocab for short) refers to the words used in a language.

The word vocabulary can have at least three different meanings:

1. all of the words in a language

• New words are constantly being added to the vocabulary of English.

2. the words used in a particular context

• If you want to do an MBA you need to improve your business vocabulary.
• My neighbour is a doctor so he has an extensive medical vocabulary.
• I’ve just bought a book on the vocabulary of slang.

3. the words an individual person knows

• The teacher says that my vocabulary is good.

EnglishClub Tip :

When learning a foreign language, our individual vocabulary in that language is one of the most important micro-skills to develop. Of course, all micro-skills like grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation are important. But it is far more difficult to communicate with no vocabulary than with no grammar.

Active and passive vocabulary

In our own individual vocabulary, there is a difference between:

• words that we understand and use (our active vocabulary)
• words that we understand but do not or cannot use (our passive vocabulary)

This is true for native speakers as well as for learners. In your own language, there are many words that you use regularly when speaking or writing. These words are part of your active vocabulary. And then there are many words that you understand when you hear them, on television for example, but do not use in everyday speech. These words are part of your passive vocabulary.

source:

https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/what.htm